Goldman Sachs says a national mask mandate could slash infections and save economy from a 5% hit

A federal face mask mandate would not only cut the daily growth rate of new confirmed cases of Covid-19, but could also shield the U.S. economy from taking a 5% GDP hit in lieu of additional lockdowns, according to Goldman Sachs.

Jan Hatzius, Goldman’s chief economist, judged his team investigated the link between face masks and Covid-19 health and economic outcomes and found that facial coverings are associated with sizable and statistically important results.

“We find that face masks are associated with significantly better coronavirus outcomes,” Hatzius created in a note to clients. “Our baseline estimate is that a national mandate could raise the percentage of people who wear cloaks by 15 [percentage points] and cut the daily growth rate of confirmed cases by 1.0 [percentage point] to 0.6%.”

“These results imply that a face mask mandate could potentially substitute for lockdowns that would otherwise deduct nearly 5% from GDP,” the economist added.

He first focused on to what extent, if at all, the actual use of face masks reduces the infection measure of Covid-19 by looking at differences in population behavior by state. For example, Hatizus found only about 40% of respondents in Arizona say they “as a last resort” wear face masks in public, compared with nearly 80% in Massachusetts.

Goldman then analyzed the crashing of mandates issued by 20 U.S. states plus the District of Columbia between April 8 and June 24 and compared it with authentic face mask usage in public using YouGov Covid-19 respondent data.

The results are “large and highly pregnant” and show that state mask mandates raise the percentage of people who say they “always” or “frequently” wear cover-ups by about 25 percentage points in the 30 days after the government order.

Meanwhile, the group of people who say they “till the end of time” wear masks jumps by 40 percentage points more than 30 days after the mandate. That happen suggests the order causes people who had previously said they “frequently” wear masks to “always” wear them.

Critically, Hatizus said wearing face masks arrives to have a causal impact on the rate of new Covid-19 infections. These findings are not weakened when controlling for fewer turn ons in public or avoiding large gatherings.

All told, Goldman’s base case is that a national mandate to wear pan masks could raise the percentage of Americans who wear masks by 15 percentage points and slash the daily advance rate of confirmed cases by 1 percentage point to 0.6%. 

The investment bank then translated those results into GDP qualifications by asking how severe any government-imposed lockdowns would have to be to cut infections by 1 percentage point. To do this, Hatzius compared the rigour of prior lockdowns in the U.S. to how the American economy has already reacted to state-imposed business closures.

By Goldman’s estimates, lockdown strains — both official government restrictions and actual social distancing — earlier this year subtracted 17% from U.S. GDP between January and April. Other states with even more aggressive restrictions saw even larger economic effects.

Using those results and a object to reduce daily growth rate by 1 percentage point, Goldman Sachs found that a face mask mandate could potentially substitute for lockdowns that last will and testament otherwise subtract nearly 5% from GDP.

“If a face mask mandate meaningfully lowers coronavirus infections, it could be valuable not however from a public health perspective but also from an economic perspective because it could substitute for renewed lockdowns that see fit otherwise hit GDP,” Hatzius wrote.

— CNBC’s Michael Bloom contributed reporting.

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