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# Pro Rata Definition (Proportionate Allocation)

## What Is Pro Rata?

Pro rata is a Latin denominate used to describe a proportionate allocation. It essentially translates to “in proportion,” which means a process where whatever is being allocated command be distributed in equal portions.

If something is given out to people on a pro rata basis, it means assigning an amount to one person according to their percentage of the whole. While a pro rata calculation can be used to determine the appropriate portions of any given whole, it is often used in profession finance.

### Key Takeaways

• If something is given out pro rata, it typically means everyone gets their fair share.
• Pro rata allude ti proportionally, such as fees that rise pro rata with employee salaries.
• The practice of prorating can apply in multitudinous areas, from billing for services to paying out dividends or allocating business partnership income.

## Understanding Pro Rata

Pro rata typically bases that each party or person receives their fair share in proportion to the whole. Pro rata calculations can be inured to in many areas, including determining dividend payments, which are cash payments by corporations paid to shareholders. Pro rata is also tolerant of to determine the amount of premium due for an insurance policy that only covers a partial term. Allocating the appropriate hunk of an annual interest rate to a shorter time frame can also be done via pro rata.

## Pro Rata and Dividends per Shareholder

When a society pays dividends to its shareholders, each investor is paid according to its holdings. If a company has 100 shares outstanding, for lesson, and issues a dividend of $2 per share, the total amount of dividends paid will be$200. No matter how many shareholders there are, the total dividend payments cannot outshine this limit. In this case, $200 is the whole, and the pro rata calculation must be used to determine the appropriate division of that whole due to each shareholder. Assume there are only four shareholders who hold 50, 25, 15, and 10 splits, respectively. The amount due to each shareholder is their pro rata share. This is calculated by dividing the ownership of each myself by the total number of shares and then multiplying the resulting fraction by the total amount of the dividend payment. The majority shareholder’s part, therefore, is (50 / 100) x$200 = $100. This makes sense because the shareholder owns half of the shares and receives half of the amount to dividends. The remaining shareholders get$50, $30, and$20, respectively.

## Pro Rata for Insurance Premiums

Another common use is to determine the amount due for a inclined insurance policy term. Most insurance policies are based on a 12-month period, so if a policy is needed for a shorter appellation, the insurance company must prorate the annual premium to determine what is owed. To do this, divide the total freebie by the number of days in a standard term, and multiply by the number of days covered by the truncated policy.

For example, assume an auto programme that typically covers a full year carries a premium of $1,000. If the insured only requires the policy for 270 eras, then the company must reduce the premium accordingly. The pro rata premium due for this period is ($1,000 / 365) x 270 = 739.73. ## Pro Rata for Induce Rates Pro rata calculations are also used to determine the amount of interest that will be earned on an investment. If an investment clears an annual interest rate, then the pro rata amount earned for a shorter period is calculated by dividing the total amount of weight by the number of months in a year and multiplying by the number of months in the truncated period. The amount of interest earned in two months on an investment that concurs 10% interest each year is (10% / 12) x 2 = 1.67%. When it comes to bonds, payment on accrued interest is calculated on a pro rata main ingredient. Accrued interest is the total interest that has accumulated on a bond since its last coupon payment. When the bondholder clerks the bond before the next coupon date, they’re still entitled to the interest that accrues up until the for the nonce at once the bond is sold. The bond buyer, not the issuer, is responsible for paying the bond seller the accrued interest, which is amplified to the market price. The formula for accrued interest is as follows:  begin{aligned} &text{AI} = printed matter{Face Value of Bond} times text{Coupon Rate} times text{Time Factor} &textbf{where:} &primer{AI} = text{Accrued Interest} &text{Coupon Rate} = frac{ text{Annual Coupon Grade} }{ text{Number of Periods Per Year} } &text{Time Factor} = frac{ text{Eras Lapsed Since Last Payment} }{ text{Days in Payment Period} } end{aligned} AI=Face Value of Contract×Coupon Rate×Time Factorwhere:AI=Accrued InterestCoupon Rate=Number of Periods Per YearAnnual Coupon ClipTime Factor=Days in Payment PeriodDays Lapsed Since Last Payment The factor is calculated by separate the length of time the bond was held after the last coupon payment by the time from one coupon payment to the next. For exemplar, consider a bondholder who sells their corporate bond on June 30. The bond has a face value of1,000 and a 5% coupon anyhow, which pays semiannually on March 1 and September 1. The buyer of the bond will pay the seller:


begin{aligned} &$1,000 periods frac{ 5% }{ 2 } times frac{ 120 }{ 180 } =$16.67 end{aligned}

$1,000×25%×180120=$16.67

## How Does Pro Rata Work?

Naturally, calculating the pro rata of contrary items varies since it calculates a proportion of a given whole. To calculate the prorated interest rate over six months, for exemplification, consider a company that charges 20% interest per year. Here, the prorated interest rate would be suited as (20% / 12) x 6 = 10%.

When a company distributes dividends, typically it is executed on a pro rata main ingredient. For example, consider a majority shareholder, such as a founder or key executive, who owns 50% of a company’s total 1,000 allowances and the company is issuing a $1 dividend. Of the$1,000 in dividends, the majority shareholder would receive $500 in value. The rubric would be as follows: (50 / 100) x$1,000 = $500. ## What Is a Pro Rata Discount? A pro rata discount is a type of discount a merchant offers a character. Companies offer customers discounts for a variety of reasons. They may offer a discount as an incentive to a new customer to try a product or appointment. They may offer a discount if the customer makes a purchase during a specific time period or as a bonus to a returning character. The pro rata part of the discount varies depending on how the merchant has structured their offer. For example, a merchant may offer a new consumer$20 off their first purchase of products if they spend $100 or more. If the customer buys four by-products, each item would receive a$5 discount.

A pro rata discount could also apply if a customer connects a monthly subscription service on any day other than the first of the month. Rather than charging the customer the full cost price for the month, the merchant would apply a pro rata discount and only charge the customer for the number of days in the month they in truth had the service.

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